No 4: Practice

In practice, MPs – and, where applicable, other participants – are empowered to participate in all stages of the legislative process. Particular attention is given to opportunities for participation for opposition and independent MPs.

No 3: Approval of legislation

The constitution establishes that all legislation, including budgetary legislation, must be approved by parliament before enactment. This includes approval by both houses in bicameral systems, except where particular restrictions on the upper house are in place. 

No 2: Right to propose amendments

The constitution establishes the right of all MPs to propose amendments to legislation as it proceeds through parliament. Any restrictions on this right, such as restrictions concerning financial proposals, are limited and clearly defined. 

No 1: Right to initiate legislation

The constitution establishes the right of all MPs to initiate legislation in parliament. Any restrictions on this right, such as a requirement for a minimum number of MPs to initiate legislation, or restrictions concerning financial proposals, are limited and clearly defined. The constitution may also permit other participants to initiate legislation, such as the executive and its agencies, or groups of citizens.

Based on a global comparative analysis, an aspiring goal for parliaments in the area of “powers in law-making” is as follows:

  • The constitution clearly establishes the right of all MPs to initiate legislation and to propose amendments to legislation as it passes through parliament. Any restrictions to this right are limited and clearly defined.
  • The constitution clearly establishes that all legislation, including budgetary legislation, must be approved by parliament before being enacted. This includes approval by both houses in bicameral systems, except where particular restrictions on the upper house are in place.
  • Parliament puts into practice the constitutional principles relating to MPs’ law-making powers, and MPs are empowered to participate in all stages of the legislative process. Particular attention is given to opportunities for participation for opposition and independent MPs in law-making.
     

Based on a global comparative analysis, an aspiring goal for parliaments in the area of “document management” is as follows:

  • Parliament has document management systems, rules, procedures and processes in place covering the creation, processing, categorization, storage, archiving, retrieval, deletion and dissemination of information.
  • All documents are stored securely in one or more central repositories.
  • MPs, staff and members of the public can access parliamentary documents, in accordance with the document management rules and procedures. 
     
No 3: Access to parliamentary documents

Parliamentary documents can be accessed by MPs and staff as required and by members of the public in accordance with document management rules and procedures. 

No 2: Central repository

All parliamentary documents are stored securely in one or more central repositories. 

No 1: Rules and procedures

Parliament has document management rules, procedures and processes in place covering the creation, processing, categorization, storage, archiving, retrieval, deletion and dissemination of information. 

No 4: Cybersecurity

Cybersecurity is prioritized in order to protect the integrity of parliament’s digital assets, and to ensure that MPs and staff are able to conduct their work safely and without undue interference. Cybersecurity systems and processes are robust, and use recognized standards and guidelines to proactively monitor and prevent attempts at unauthorized access to any part of the parliamentary digital estate. 

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